From 76da1a033f0893e764c8dce719fc3ac7fe906f16 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Tobi-D7 Date: Thu, 14 Apr 2022 17:41:18 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Add Bmp writer --- internal/bmp.hpp | 361 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 361 insertions(+) create mode 100644 internal/bmp.hpp diff --git a/internal/bmp.hpp b/internal/bmp.hpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..65aed86 --- /dev/null +++ b/internal/bmp.hpp @@ -0,0 +1,361 @@ +#pragma once +#include +#include +#include +#include +using namespace std; +#pragma pack(push, 1) + + +struct BMPFileHeader { + uint16_t file_type{ 0x4D42 }; // File type always BM which is 0x4D42 (stored as hex uint16_t in little endian) + uint32_t file_size{ 0 }; // Size of the file (in bytes) + uint16_t reserved1{ 0 }; // Reserved, always 0 + uint16_t reserved2{ 0 }; // Reserved, always 0 + uint32_t offset_data{ 0 }; // Start position of pixel data (bytes from the beginning of the file) +}; + +struct BMPInfoHeader { + uint32_t size{ 0 }; // Size of this header (in bytes) + int32_t width{ 0 }; // width of bitmap in pixels + int32_t height{ 0 }; // height of bitmap in pixels + // (if positive, bottom-up, with origin in lower left corner) + // (if negative, top-down, with origin in upper left corner) + uint16_t planes{ 1 }; // No. of planes for the target device, this is always 1 + uint16_t bit_count{ 0 }; // No. of bits per pixel + uint32_t compression{ 0 }; // 0 or 3 - uncompressed. THIS PROGRAM CONSIDERS ONLY UNCOMPRESSED BMP images + uint32_t size_image{ 0 }; // 0 - for uncompressed images + int32_t x_pixels_per_meter{ 0 }; + int32_t y_pixels_per_meter{ 0 }; + uint32_t colors_used{ 0 }; // No. color indexes in the color table. Use 0 for the max number of colors allowed by bit_count + uint32_t colors_important{ 0 }; // No. of colors used for displaying the bitmap. If 0 all colors are required +}; + +struct BMPColorHeader { + uint32_t red_mask{ 0x00ff0000 }; // Bit mask for the red channel + uint32_t green_mask{ 0x0000ff00 }; // Bit mask for the green channel + uint32_t blue_mask{ 0x000000ff }; // Bit mask for the blue channel + uint32_t alpha_mask{ 0xff000000 }; // Bit mask for the alpha channel + uint32_t color_space_type{ 0x73524742 }; // Default "sRGB" (0x73524742) + uint32_t unused[16]{ 0 }; // Unused data for sRGB color space +}; +#pragma pack(pop) + +struct BMP { + BMPFileHeader file_header; + BMPInfoHeader bmp_info_header; + BMPColorHeader bmp_color_header; + std::vector data; + + + BMP(const char *fname) { + read(fname); + } + + void read(const char *fname) { + std::ifstream inp{ fname, std::ios_base::binary }; + if (inp) { + inp.read((char*)&file_header, sizeof(file_header)); + if(file_header.file_type != 0x4D42) { + throw std::runtime_error("Error! Unrecognized file format."); + } + inp.read((char*)&bmp_info_header, sizeof(bmp_info_header)); + + // The BMPColorHeader is used only for transparent images + if(bmp_info_header.bit_count == 32) { + // Check if the file has bit mask color information + if(bmp_info_header.size >= (sizeof(BMPInfoHeader) + sizeof(BMPColorHeader))) { + inp.read((char*)&bmp_color_header, sizeof(bmp_color_header)); + // Check if the pixel data is stored as BGRA and if the color space type is sRGB + check_color_header(bmp_color_header); + } else { + std::cerr << "Error! The file \"" << fname << "\" does not seem to contain bit mask information\n"; + throw std::runtime_error("Error! Unrecognized file format."); + } + } + + // Jump to the pixel data location + inp.seekg(file_header.offset_data, inp.beg); + + // Adjust the header fields for output. + // Some editors will put extra info in the image file, we only save the headers and the data. + if(bmp_info_header.bit_count == 32) { + bmp_info_header.size = sizeof(BMPInfoHeader) + sizeof(BMPColorHeader); + file_header.offset_data = sizeof(BMPFileHeader) + sizeof(BMPInfoHeader) + sizeof(BMPColorHeader); + } else { + bmp_info_header.size = sizeof(BMPInfoHeader); + file_header.offset_data = sizeof(BMPFileHeader) + sizeof(BMPInfoHeader); + } + file_header.file_size = file_header.offset_data; + + if (bmp_info_header.height < 0) { + throw std::runtime_error("The program can treat only BMP images with the origin in the bottom left corner!"); + } + + data.resize(bmp_info_header.width * bmp_info_header.height * bmp_info_header.bit_count / 8); + + // Here we check if we need to take into account row padding + if (bmp_info_header.width % 4 == 0) { + inp.read((char*)data.data(), data.size()); + file_header.file_size += static_cast(data.size()); + } + else { + row_stride = bmp_info_header.width * bmp_info_header.bit_count / 8; + uint32_t new_stride = make_stride_aligned(4); + std::vector padding_row(new_stride - row_stride); + + for (int y = 0; y < bmp_info_header.height; ++y) { + inp.read((char*)(data.data() + row_stride * y), row_stride); + inp.read((char*)padding_row.data(), padding_row.size()); + } + file_header.file_size += static_cast(data.size()) + bmp_info_header.height * static_cast(padding_row.size()); + } + } + else { + throw std::runtime_error("Unable to open the input image file "+std::string(fname)); + } + } + + BMP(int32_t width, int32_t height, bool has_alpha = true) { + if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) { + throw std::runtime_error("The image width and height must be positive numbers."); + } + + bmp_info_header.width = width; + bmp_info_header.height = height; + if (has_alpha) { + bmp_info_header.size = sizeof(BMPInfoHeader) + sizeof(BMPColorHeader); + file_header.offset_data = sizeof(BMPFileHeader) + sizeof(BMPInfoHeader) + sizeof(BMPColorHeader); + + bmp_info_header.bit_count = 32; + bmp_info_header.compression = 3; + row_stride = width * 4; + data.resize(row_stride * height); + file_header.file_size = file_header.offset_data + data.size(); + } + else { + bmp_info_header.size = sizeof(BMPInfoHeader); + file_header.offset_data = sizeof(BMPFileHeader) + sizeof(BMPInfoHeader); + + bmp_info_header.bit_count = 24; + bmp_info_header.compression = 0; + row_stride = width * 3; + data.resize(row_stride * height); + + uint32_t new_stride = make_stride_aligned(4); + file_header.file_size = file_header.offset_data + static_cast(data.size()) + bmp_info_header.height * (new_stride - row_stride); + } + } + + void write(const char *fname) { + std::ofstream of{ fname, std::ios_base::binary }; + if (of) { + if (bmp_info_header.bit_count == 32) { + write_headers_and_data(of); + } + else if (bmp_info_header.bit_count == 24) { + if (bmp_info_header.width % 4 == 0) { + write_headers_and_data(of); + } + else { + uint32_t new_stride = make_stride_aligned(4); + std::vector padding_row(new_stride - row_stride); + + write_headers(of); + + for (int y = 0; y < bmp_info_header.height; ++y) { + of.write((const char*)(data.data() + row_stride * y), row_stride); + of.write((const char*)padding_row.data(), padding_row.size()); + } + } + } + else { + throw std::runtime_error("The program can treat only 24 or 32 bits per pixel BMP files"); + } + } + else { + throw std::runtime_error("Unable to open the output image file."); + } + } + + void fill_region(uint32_t x0, uint32_t y0, uint32_t w, uint32_t h, uint8_t B, uint8_t G, uint8_t R, uint8_t A) { + if (x0 + w > (uint32_t)bmp_info_header.width || y0 + h > (uint32_t)bmp_info_header.height) { + throw std::runtime_error("The region does not fit in the image!"); + } + + uint32_t channels = bmp_info_header.bit_count / 8; + for (uint32_t y = y0; y < y0 + h; ++y) { + for (uint32_t x = x0; x < x0 + w; ++x) { + data[channels * (y * bmp_info_header.width + x) + 0] = B; + data[channels * (y * bmp_info_header.width + x) + 1] = G; + data[channels * (y * bmp_info_header.width + x) + 2] = R; + if (channels == 4) { + data[channels * (y * bmp_info_header.width + x) + 3] = A; + } + } + } + } + + int OrganizeAverageRed() + { + int ColorRed[bmp_info_header.height][bmp_info_header.width]; + int ColorGreen[bmp_info_header.height][bmp_info_header.width];; + int ColorBlue[bmp_info_header.height][bmp_info_header.width]; + float pixels=bmp_info_header.height*bmp_info_header.width; + float intensity=0; + float sum=0; + uint32_t channels = bmp_info_header.bit_count / 8; + cout << "The Width of the image is " << bmp_info_header.width << endl; + cout << "The height of the image is " << bmp_info_header.height << endl; + for (int y = 0; y < bmp_info_header.height; ++y) { + for (int x = 0; x < bmp_info_header.width; ++x) { + //cout << channels*(y*bmp_info_header.width+x) << endl; + //Read red + ColorBlue[y][x]=data[channels * (y * bmp_info_header.width + x) + 0]; + ColorGreen[y][x]=data[channels * (y * bmp_info_header.width + x) + 1]; + ColorRed[y][x]=data[channels * (y * bmp_info_header.width + x) + 2]; + } + } + for(int y=0; y= (uint32_t)bmp_info_header.width || y0 >= (uint32_t)bmp_info_header.height || x0 < 0 || y0 < 0) { + throw std::runtime_error("The point is outside the image boundaries!"); + } + uint32_t channels = bmp_info_header.bit_count / 8; + data[channels * (y0 * bmp_info_header.width + x0) + 0] = B; + data[channels * (y0 * bmp_info_header.width + x0) + 1] = G; + data[channels * (y0 * bmp_info_header.width + x0) + 2] = R; + if (channels == 4) { + data[channels * (y0 * bmp_info_header.width + x0) + 3] = A; + } + } + + void draw_rectangle(uint32_t x0, uint32_t y0, uint32_t w, uint32_t h, + uint8_t B, uint8_t G, uint8_t R, uint8_t A, uint8_t line_w) { + if (x0 + w > (uint32_t)bmp_info_header.width || y0 + h > (uint32_t)bmp_info_header.height) { + throw std::runtime_error("The rectangle does not fit in the image!"); + } + + fill_region(x0, y0, w, line_w, B, G, R, A); // top line + fill_region(x0, (y0 + h - line_w), w, line_w, B, G, R, A); // bottom line + fill_region((x0 + w - line_w), (y0 + line_w), line_w, (h - (2 * line_w)), B, G, R, A); // right line + fill_region(x0, (y0 + line_w), line_w, (h - (2 * line_w)), B, G, R, A); // left line + } + +private: + uint32_t row_stride{ 0 }; + + void write_headers(std::ofstream &of) { + of.write((const char*)&file_header, sizeof(file_header)); + of.write((const char*)&bmp_info_header, sizeof(bmp_info_header)); + if(bmp_info_header.bit_count == 32) { + of.write((const char*)&bmp_color_header, sizeof(bmp_color_header)); + } + } + + void write_headers_and_data(std::ofstream &of) { + write_headers(of); + of.write((const char*)data.data(), data.size()); + } + + // Add 1 to the row_stride until it is divisible with align_stride + uint32_t make_stride_aligned(uint32_t align_stride) { + uint32_t new_stride = row_stride; + while (new_stride % align_stride != 0) { + new_stride++; + } + return new_stride; + } + + // Check if the pixel data is stored as BGRA and if the color space type is sRGB + void check_color_header(BMPColorHeader &bmp_color_header) { + BMPColorHeader expected_color_header; + if(expected_color_header.red_mask != bmp_color_header.red_mask || + expected_color_header.blue_mask != bmp_color_header.blue_mask || + expected_color_header.green_mask != bmp_color_header.green_mask || + expected_color_header.alpha_mask != bmp_color_header.alpha_mask) { + throw std::runtime_error("Unexpected color mask format! The program expects the pixel data to be in the BGRA format"); + } + if(expected_color_header.color_space_type != bmp_color_header.color_space_type) { + throw std::runtime_error("Unexpected color space type! The program expects sRGB values"); + } + } +}; \ No newline at end of file