Added a bunch of examples

Added 4 console printing examples:
-HelloWorld
-BothScreenText
-ColoredText
-MultipleWindowsText

Added an example to show a 24bit image.

Added 3 HID examples:
-Pad
-CirclePad
-TouchScreen

Added a RTC example.

examples/Graphics/Bitmap/24bit_color/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Graphics/Bitmap/24bit_color/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+24bit Bitmap Example
+=======
+
+This example shows on bottom screen an upscaled version of the nds examples Drunken Coders logo that can be found in devkitPro.
+
+If you want to try with your own image follow these steps:
+
+1. Download & install: http://www.imagemagick.org/ (If you get an option to add the application to the path make sure to check it!).
+2. convert fileIn.png -channel B -separate fileIn.png -channel G -separate fileIn.png -channel R -separate -channel RGB -combine -rotate 90 fileOut.rgb
+3. Rename fileOut.rgb in fileOut.bin
+4. Copy fileOut.bin in the data folder of your project
+5. Replace any reference of drunkenlogo_bin in main.cpp with fileOut_bin (or however you named it)
+6. Re-Build the project
+
+
+As you can see from the previos steps the image is clockwise rotated by 90 degrees and its B and R channels are swapped. The first operation is done because the 3DS screens are actually portrait screens rotated by 90 degrees (in a counter-clockwise direction), while the second one is done because the 3DS screens' framebuffers have a BGR888 color format, by default.

examples/Graphics/Bitmap/24bit_color/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+	Hello World example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/13/2014 01:00 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+//This include a header containing definitions of our image
+#include "drunkenlogo_bin.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//Initialize console on top screen. Using NULL as the second argument tells the console library to use the internal console structure as current one
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, NULL);
+
+	printf("Sorry for the recycled image from the Nintendo DS devkitPro's examples, but it's always good to bring back some memories, isn't it?");
+
+	printf("\x1b[29;15HPress Start to exit.");
+
+	//We don't need double buffering in this example. In this way we can draw our image only once on screen.
+	gfxSetDoubleBuffering(GFX_BOTTOM, false);
+
+	//Get the bottom screen's frame buffer
+	u8* fb = gfxGetFramebuffer(GFX_BOTTOM, GFX_LEFT, NULL, NULL);
+	
+	//Copy our image in the bottom screen's frame buffer
+	memcpy(fb, drunkenlogo_bin, drunkenlogo_bin_size);
+
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}

examples/Graphics/Printing/BothScreenText/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Graphics/Printing/BothScreenText/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+	Both Screen Text example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/12/2014 23:20 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//In this example we need one PrintConsole for each screen
+	PrintConsole topScreen, bottomScreen;
+
+	//Initialize console for both screen using the two different PrintConsole we have defined
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, &topScreen);
+	consoleInit(GFX_BOTTOM, &bottomScreen);
+
+	//Before doing any text printing we should select the PrintConsole in which we are willing to write, otherwise the library will print on the last selected/initialized one
+	//Let's start by printing something on the top screen
+	consoleSelect(&topScreen);
+	printf("This is the top screen. We have lot of space here!\n");
+
+	//Now write something else on the bottom screen
+	consoleSelect(&bottomScreen);
+	printf("This is the bottom screen. We don't have much space...\nStill better than DS screens :D");
+
+	consoleSelect(&topScreen);
+	printf("\x1b[29;15HPress Start to exit.");
+
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}

examples/Graphics/Printing/ColoredText/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Graphics/Printing/ColoredText/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+	Colored Text example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/12/2014 23:00 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//Initialize console on top screen. Using NULL as the second argument tells the console library to use the internal console structure as current one
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, NULL);
+
+	//Move the cursor to row 15 and column 19 and then prints "Hello World!" 
+	//To move the cursor you have tu print "\x1b[r;cH", where r and c are respectively
+	//the row and column where you want your cursor to move
+	//The top screen has 30 rows and 50 columns
+	//The bottom screen has 30 rows and 40 columns
+	printf("\x1b[15;19HHello World!");
+
+	//Move the cursor to the top left corner of the screen
+	printf("\x1b[0;0H");
+
+	//Print a REALLY crappy poeam with colored text
+	//\x1b[cm set a SGR (Select Graphic Rendition) parameter, where c is the parameter that you want to set
+	//Please refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#CSI_codes to see all the possible SGR parameters
+	//As of now ctrulib support only these parameters:
+	//Reset (0), Half bright colors (2), Reverse (7), Text color (30-37) and Background color (40-47)
+	printf("Roses are \x1b[31mred\x1b[0m\n");
+	printf("Violets are \x1b[34mblue\x1b[0m\n");
+	printf("Piracy is bad\n");
+	printf("While homebrews are good\n\n");
+
+	//Black text on white background
+	//In this example we set two parameter in a single escape sequence by separating them by a semicolon
+	//\x1b[47;30m means that it will set a white background (47) and it will print white characters (30)
+	//In this we also could have used the 
+	printf("\x1b[47;30mBlack text on white background\x1b[0m");
+
+
+	printf("\x1b[29;15HPress Start to exit.");
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}

examples/Graphics/Printing/HelloWorld/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Graphics/Printing/HelloWorld/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+	Hello World example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/12/2014 21:00 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//Initialize console on top screen. Using NULL as the second argument tells the console library to use the internal console structure as current one
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, NULL);
+
+	//Move the cursor to row 15 and column 19 and then prints "Hello World!" 
+	//To move the cursor you have tu print "\x1b[r;cH", where r and c are respectively
+	//the row and column where you want your cursor to move
+	//The top screen has 30 rows and 50 columns
+	//The bottom screen has 30 rows and 40 columns
+	printf("\x1b[15;19HHello World!");
+
+	printf("\x1b[29;15HPress Start to exit.");
+
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}

examples/Graphics/Printing/MultipleWindowsText/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Graphics/Printing/MultipleWindowsText/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+	Multiple Windows Text example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/12/2014 23:50 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//In this example we need three PrintConsole, one for each window and one for the whole top screen
+	PrintConsole leftWindow, rightWindow, topScreen;
+
+	//Initialize console for each window
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, &leftWindow);
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, &rightWindow);
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, &topScreen);
+
+	//Now we specify the window position and dimension for each console window using consoleSetWindow(PrintConsole* console, int x, int y, int width, int height);
+	//x, y, width and height are in terms of cells, not pixel, where each cell is composed by 8x8 pixels.
+	consoleSetWindow(&leftWindow, 1, 1, 23, 28);
+	consoleSetWindow(&rightWindow, 26, 1, 23, 28);
+
+	//Before doing any text printing we should select the PrintConsole in which we are willing to write, otherwise the library will print on the last selected/initialized one
+	//Let's start by printing something on the top screen
+	consoleSelect(&leftWindow);
+	printf("This text is in the left window!\n");
+	printf("3DS rocks!!!\n");
+
+	//Now write something else on the bottom screen
+	consoleSelect(&rightWindow);
+	printf("This text is in the right window!\n");
+	printf("This thing works pretty well!\n");
+
+
+	consoleSelect(&topScreen);
+	printf("\x1b[29;15HPress Start to exit.");
+
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}

examples/Input/CirclePad/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Input/CirclePad/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+	Circle Pad example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	Please refer to https://github.com/smealum/ctrulib/blob/master/libctru/include/3ds/services/hid.h for more information
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/13/2014 2:20 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//Initialize console on top screen. Using NULL as the second argument tells the console library to use the internal console structure as current one
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, NULL);
+
+	printf("\x1b[0;0HPress Start to exit.");
+	printf("\x1b[1;0HCirclePad position:");
+
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		circlePosition pos;
+
+		//Read the CirclePad position
+		hidCircleRead(&pos);
+
+		//Print the CirclePad position
+		printf("\x1b[2;0H%04d; %04d", pos.dx, pos.dy);
+		
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}

examples/Input/Pad/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Input/Pad/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+	Pad example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	Please refer to https://github.com/smealum/ctrulib/blob/master/libctru/include/3ds/services/hid.h for more information
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/13/2014 02:10 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	//Matrix containing the name of each key. Useful for printing when a key is pressed
+	char keysNames[32][32] = {
+		"KEY_A", "KEY_B", "KEY_SELECT", "KEY_START",
+		"KEY_DRIGHT", "KEY_DLEFT", "KEY_DUP", "KEY_DDOWN",
+		"KEY_R", "KEY_L", "KEY_X", "KEY_Y",
+		"", "", "KEY_ZL", "KEY_ZR",
+		"", "", "", "",
+		"KEY_TOUCH", "", "", "",
+		"KEY_CSTICK_RIGHT", "KEY_CSTICK_LEFT", "KEY_CSTICK_UP", "KEY_CSTICK_DOWN",
+		"KEY_CPAD_RIGHT", "KEY_CPAD_LEFT", "KEY_CPAD_UP", "KEY_CPAD_DOWN"
+	};
+
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//Initialize console on top screen. Using NULL as the second argument tells the console library to use the internal console structure as current one
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, NULL);
+
+	u32 kDownOld = 0, kHeldOld = 0, kUpOld = 0; //In these there will be information about keys detected in the previous frame
+
+	printf("\x1b[0;0HPress Start to exit.\n");
+
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+		//hidKeysHeld returns information about which buttons have are held down in this frame
+		u32 kHeld = hidKeysHeld();
+		//hidKeysUp returns information about which buttons have been just released
+		u32 kUp = hidKeysUp();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		//Do the printing only if keys have changed
+		if (kDown != kDownOld || kHeld != kHeldOld || kUp != kUpOld)
+		{
+			//Clear console
+			consoleClear();
+
+			printf("\x1b[0;0HPress Start to exit.\n");
+
+			//Check if some of the keys are down, held or up
+			for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
+			{
+				if (kDown & BIT(i)) printf("%s down\n", keysNames[i]);
+				if (kHeld & BIT(i)) printf("%s held\n", keysNames[i]);
+				if (kUp & BIT(i)) printf("%s up\n", keysNames[i]);
+			}
+		}
+
+		//Set keys old values for the next frame
+		kDownOld = kDown;
+		kHeldOld = kHeld;
+		kUpOld = kUp;
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}

examples/Input/TouchScreen/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Input/TouchScreen/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+	Touch Screen example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	Please refer to https://github.com/smealum/ctrulib/blob/master/libctru/include/3ds/services/hid.h for more information
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/13/2014 2:30 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//Initialize console on top screen. Using NULL as the second argument tells the console library to use the internal console structure as current one
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, NULL);
+
+	printf("\x1b[0;0HPress Start to exit.");
+	printf("\x1b[1;0HTouch Screen position:");
+
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		touchPosition touch;
+
+		//Read the touch screen coordinates
+		hidTouchRead(&touch);
+
+		//Print the touch screen coordinates
+		printf("\x1b[2;0H%03d; %03d", touch.px, touch.py);
+		
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}

examples/Time/RTC/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#
+# NO_SMDH: if set to anything, no SMDH file is generated.
+# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_DESCRIPTION is the description of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the SMDH file (Optional)
+# ICON is the filename of the icon (.png), relative to the project folder.
+#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
+#     - <Project name>.png
+#     - icon.png
+#     - <libctru folder>/default_icon.png
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=softfp
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -Wall -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math \
+			$(ARCH)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=3dsx.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:= -lctru -lm
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES)) \
+			$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
+	icons := $(wildcard *.png)
+	ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).png,$(icons)))
+		export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).png
+	else
+		ifneq (,$(findstring icon.png,$(icons)))
+			export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.png
+		endif
+	endif
+else
+	export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
+endif
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@make --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_SMDH)),)
+.PHONY: all
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).3dsx $(OUTPUT).smdh
+endif
+$(OUTPUT).3dsx	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	:	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+# WARNING: This is not the right way to do this! TODO: Do it right!
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.vsh.o	:	%.vsh
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@python $(AEMSTRO)/aemstro_as.py $< ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+	@bin2s ../$(notdir $<).shbin | $(PREFIX)as -o $@
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"_end[];" > `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u8" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`"[];" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@echo "extern const u32" `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | sed -e 's/^\([0-9]\)/_\1/' | tr . _)`_size";" >> `(echo $(notdir $<).shbin | tr . _)`.h
+	@rm ../$(notdir $<).shbin
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

examples/Time/RTC/source/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+	RTC example made by Aurelio Mannara for ctrulib
+	This code was modified for the last time on: 12/13/2014 2:45 UTC+1
+
+	This wouldn't be possible without the amazing work done by:
+	-Smealum
+	-fincs
+	-WinterMute
+	-yellows8
+	-plutoo
+	-mtheall
+	-Many others who worked on 3DS and I'm surely forgetting about
+*/
+
+#include <3ds.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define SECONDS_IN_DAY 86400
+#define SECONDS_IN_HOUR 3600
+#define SECONDS_IN_MINUTE 60
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// Initialize services
+	srvInit();
+	aptInit();
+	gfxInit();
+	hidInit(NULL);
+
+	//Initialize console on top screen. Using NULL as the second argument tells the console library to use the internal console structure as current one
+	consoleInit(GFX_TOP, NULL);
+
+	printf("\x1b[29;15HPress Start to exit.");
+
+	// Main loop
+	while (aptMainLoop())
+	{
+		//Scan all the inputs. This should be done once for each frame
+		hidScanInput();
+
+		//hidKeysDown returns information about which buttons have been just pressed (and they weren't in the previous frame)
+		u32 kDown = hidKeysDown();
+
+		if (kDown & KEY_START) break; // break in order to return to hbmenu
+
+		//Print current time
+		u64 timeInSeconds = osGetTime() / 1000;
+		u64 dayTime = timeInSeconds % SECONDS_IN_DAY;
+		u8 hour = dayTime / SECONDS_IN_HOUR;
+		u8 min = (dayTime % SECONDS_IN_HOUR) / SECONDS_IN_MINUTE;
+		u8 seconds = dayTime % SECONDS_IN_MINUTE;
+
+		printf("\x1b[0;0H%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, seconds);
+
+		// Flush and swap framebuffers
+		gfxFlushBuffers();
+		gfxSwapBuffers();
+
+		//Wait for VBlank
+		gspWaitForVBlank();
+	}
+
+	// Exit services
+	gfxExit();
+	hidExit();
+	aptExit();
+	srvExit();
+	return 0;
+}